2026-yil, 1-son · 41–50-betlar
“Huquqni tanlashning “yashil’ tamoyili”: xalqaro shartnomalarda taraflarning erk muxtoriyatidan “esg” standartlarining ustuvorligi”
Annotatsiya
Taraflarning erk muxtoriyati tamoyili xalqaro xususiy huquqning asosiy tamoyillaridan biri bo‘lib, shartnoma tuzayotgan tomonlarga uni tartibga soluvchi huquqni erkin tanlash imkonini beradi. Biroq global iqlim inqirozi va korporativ mas’uliyatga bo‘lgan talablar ortib borayotgan hozirgi davrda bu erkinlik muhim huquqiy bo‘shliqni yuzaga keltirmoqda. Bu esa kompaniyalarga ekologik, ijtimoiy va boshqaruv (ESG) standartlari sust bo‘lgan yurisdiksiyalarni ataylab tanlash orqali “pastlikka poyga”ni davom ettirish imkonini beradi. Mazkur maqola ushbu muammoni bartaraf etish maqsadida transmilliy biznesda taraflarning erk muxtoriyatini qayta belgilovchi yangi konsepsiyani – “Yashil” huquqni tanlash tamoyilini ilgari suradi. Taklif etilgan tamoyilga ko‘ra, agar bitim muayyan yurisdiksiya bilan haqiqiy aloqaga ega bo‘lsa, sudlar va arbitraj tribunalari tomonlar tanlagan huquqqa qaramay, eng yuqori tegishli ESG va barqarorlik standartlariga ega bo‘lgan huquqni qo‘llashlari shart. Tadqiqot doktrinal va qiyosiy yuridik tahlil usullaridan foydalanib, ushbu yangi tamoyili xalqaro xususiy huquqdagi mavjud vositalar – lois de police (majburiy normalar) va jamoat tartibi ( ordre public ) bilan uyg‘unlashtiradi.
Abstract
The principle of party autonomy has long been the cornerstone of international private law, granting contracting parties the freedom to select the governing law for their agreement. However, in an era defined by global climate urgency and heightened demands for corporate accountability, this freedom presents a significant regulatory loophole, enabling a “ race to the bottom ” through the strategic selection of laws with lax Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards. This article addresses this critical gap by proposing the adoption of the 'Green' Choice-of-Law Principle, a novel concept designed to qualify party autonomy in transnational business. The proposed principle establishes a super-mandatory rule that requires courts and arbitral tribunals to apply the law with the highest relevant ESG and sustainability standards, notwithstanding an otherwise valid contractual choice, provided the transaction has a genuine connection to that jurisdiction. Employing a doctrinal and comparative legal analysis, the study frames this new principle within the existing private international law tools of lois de police (mandatory rules) and public policy ( ordre public ).
Iqtibos uchun
Davronbek Abdugaffarov. “Huquqni tanlashning “yashil’ tamoyili”: xalqaro shartnomalarda taraflarning erk muxtoriyatidan “esg” standartlarining ustuvorligi” // Adolat. – 2026. – № 1. – С. 41–50.