2026-yil, 9-son · 37–41-betlar
Xorijiy mamlakatlarda inklyuziv taʼlim modellari tahlili
Annotatsiya
Ushbu maqolada xorijiy mamlakatlarda inklyuziv taʼlim sohasida shakllangan asosiy modellar – nogironlikning tibbiy, ijtimoiy va ekologik modellari – ilmiy tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot inklyuziv taʼlimning tarixiy va konseptual asoslarini oʻrganish, ushbu modellarning zamonaviy taʼlim tizimiga taʼsirini aniqlash maqsadida olib borilgan. Metodologiya sifatida qiyosiy tahlil va adabiyotlarni sistematik koʻrib chiqish usullaridan foydalanilgan. Natijalar shuni koʻrsatadiki, tibbiy model individuallikni, ijtimoiy model esa strukturaviy toʻsiqlarni bartaraf etishni nazarda tutadi; ekologik tizimlar nazariyasi esa ikkala yondashuvni sintez qilib, inklyuzivlikni koʻp qatlamli muhit orqali tushuntiradi. Muhokama qismida ushbu modellarning Oʻzbekiston taʼlim tizimi uchun ahamiyati va ularni milliy kontekstga moslashtirish imkoniyatlari koʻrib chiqilgan.
Abstract
This article presents a scientific analysis of the key models of inclusive education developed in foreign countries – the medical, social, and ecological models of disability. The study aims to examine the historical and conceptual foundations of inclusive education and to identify the influence of these models on contemporary educational systems. Comparative analysis and systematic literature review were employed as methodology. Results indicate that the medical model focuses on addressing individual impairments, the social model on removing structural barriers, and the ecological systems theory synthesises both approaches by explaining inclusion through a multi-layered environmental perspective. The discussion section addresses the relevance of these models for the Uzbekistan education system and the possibilities of adapting them to the national context.
Iqtibos uchun
Asadbek Zairov. Xorijiy mamlakatlarda inklyuziv taʼlim modellari tahlili // Adolat. – 2026. – № 9. – С. 37–41.