2026-yil, 10-son · 1–9-betlar
Bola bilan koʻrishish huquqini taʼminlash: xalqaro tajriba va milliy sud amaliyotini takomillashtirish muammolari
Annotatsiya
Mazkur maqolada ajrashgan oilalarda boladan alohida yashayotgan ota (ona)ning bola bilan muloqot qilish huquqini taʼminlash muammosi kompleks tarzda oʻrganilgan. Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Oila kodeksining 76-moddasi ikkinchi bandining amaliyotda qoʻllanilishi tahlil qilinib, sudlar tomonidan koʻrishish tartibini kunlar va soatlar bilan cheklab qoʻyish amaliyotining qonun talablariga hamda bolaning manfaatlariga zidligi asoslangan. Ommaviy axborot vositalarida keng tarqalgan, bolaning faqat ona tarbiyasida qolishi natijasida oʻgʻil bolalarda erkaklik xususiyatlari shakllanmasligi haqidagi xavotirning ilmiy asoslanganlik darajasi tanqidiy baholangan va bu xavotirning huquqiy yechimi aynan bolani kim tarbiyalashi emas, balki har ikkala ota-ona bilan barqaror muloqotni taʼminlash ekanligi isbotlangan. Shvetsiya, Norvegiya, Daniya va Ispaniyaning “teng yashash” tizimi misolida, shuningdek 36 ta Gʻarb mamlakatini qamrab olgan qiyosiy tadqiqot maʼlumotlari asosida xalqaro tajriba oʻrganilib, uning ijobiy va bahsli jihatlari ochib berilgan. Rossiya Federatsiyasi Oila kodeksi bilan qisqa qiyosiy tahlil oʻtkazilgan hamda Polsha tajribasi misolida koʻrishish huquqini taʼminlovchi majburlovchi choralarning oʻzi ham suiisteʼmol qilinishi mumkinligi alohida koʻrsatilgan. Tadqiqot yakunida Oila kodeksining76-moddasini takomillashtirishga doir norma taklifi va amaliy tavsiyalar ilgari surilgan.
Abstract
This article examines the problem of ensuring the right of a separated parent to communicate with a child after divorce. The application of Article 76, part two, of the Family Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan is analysed, showing that the judicial practice of limiting contact to fixed days and hours contradicts both the letter of the law and the best interests of the child. The widely circulated public concern that boys raised solely by mothers fail to develop adequate masculine traits is critically evaluated, and it is argued that the legal remedy lies not in reassigning custody but in guaranteeing stable, sustained contact with both parents. The comparative experience of Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Spain regarding alternating residence arrangements is reviewed, together with data from a cross-national study of 36 Western countries, including its contested aspects. The analysis further draws a brief comparison with the Family Code of the Russian Federation and, through the cautionary example of Poland, highlights the risk that coercive enforcement measures may themselves be misused. The article concludes with a proposed amendment to Article 76 of the Family Code.
Iqtibos uchun
Matluba Aminjonova. Bola bilan koʻrishish huquqini taʼminlash: xalqaro tajriba va milliy sud amaliyotini takomillashtirish muammolari // Adolat. – 2026. – № 10. – С. 1–9.